The strategic subject of membership in WTO is one of the important subjects in WORLD transactions; and countries from all around the WORLD enthusiastically follow this matter. Since WTO covers 148 countries and more than 95% of WORLD trads, not attending in this realm is not possible and meaningful. Therefore, it is necessary to study about different aspects of commodity, service and industrial property TRADE.By considering the necessity of joint of Iran to WTO, that is one of the main concerns of capitalists and governors, and since the forth development plan is based upon liberating the commerce; and regading the fact that Iran is accepted as an observer member in WTO (Since 26, May 2005), it is vital that before taking any actions, different aspects of each activity be examined thoroughly. Further more, the legal situation of different services should be examined by the experts to comment upon professional aspects.The above mentioned experts, then, according to the position of services TRADE in Iran and in the WORLD, evaluate the capacity of different services to recognize the internal market and try to expand it into external markets as well.

India has been referred to as one of the emerging economies since early twenty-first century. Rapid growth of GDP and imports/exports along with attraction of substantial foreign direct investment are indicators of the enhancement of India’s position in global economy. In such circumstances, India is also gaining influence in multilateral TRADE negotiations within WTO framework. Given the important role that multilateral economic institutions play in shaping the contemporary political and economic interactions and due to India’s more rigorous stance in the Doha Round, this article uses descriptive-analytic method and library resources to interpret this policy shift. It also emphasizes on economic reforms, domestic-international interaction, and WTO structure as effective components in this policy shift and simultaneously examines Indian diplomacy and negotiation strategy. This article tries to answer this question: what is India's orientation in WTO? It hypothesizes that India agrees with the WTO's principles, norms, rules, and decision-making procedures. The article concludes that Indian position toward WTO talks is no longer concentrated on introducing intrinsic changes in order to stand against this ORGANIZATION, rather, it is taking advantage of its new alliances and negotiation methods as a means of economic diplomacy to shape India’s and other emerging countries’ economic demand.

Although the foundation of the WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION and its predecessor (GAT) was formed on the basis of international TRADE, and mainly the subject of import and export tariffs, other issues in this ORGANIZATION were legislated, which directly and indirectly focused on the goals of the ORGANIZATION Have been affected. The main reason for the WTO's entry into these seemingly non-commercial issues has been its direct and indirect impact on the ORGANIZATION's goals, in a way that disrupted the goals of the WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION, regardless of them. In this regard, many subjects, including intellectual property, government support, dumping, etc., were placed on the agenda of this ORGANIZATION and became regulated. In accordance with this procedure, it is necessary to identify and review other relevant issues that have a significant impact on the goals and functioning of the WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION, and ultimately they will adopt effective and effective mechanisms and rules at the level of the ORGANIZATION and be implemented in a timely manner. . Among the issues that have a profound impact on international TRADE and have made the WORLD ORGANIZATION's goals worse, is the subject of labor services. The cost of labor is an important part of the cost of manufactured goods, which, in addition to the human rights aspect, has a fundamental impact on the competitiveness of industrial production. Therefore, due to its close connection with business, economic and human rights issues, it is necessary to regulate it at the level of this ORGANIZATION.

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WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION (WTO) has principles among which one of the most important is non-discrimination principle. Under this principle, the ORGANIZATION members should have equal treatment with each other. But since countries are not equal in terms of developmental situation, log in developing or less developed countries to the WTO, requires serious attention to the competitiveness of the economies of developing countries, in order to not being affected during compete with the developed countries. That is why, under enabling clause which is continuation of the generalized system of preferences, developed countries may accord differential and more favorable treatment to developing countries, without according such treatment to other contracting parties. Although, preferences are granted on a voluntary basis, this does not mean that preferences should not be subject to WTO rules. TRADE preferences which should be generalized, non-reciprocal and non-discriminatory, are granted on conditionality and selectivity basis that could frustrate the efficiency of the device and its philosophy, namely to encourage and promote economic development in developing countries.

Globalization is a new phenomenon and its root goes back to the years after second WORLD war. Thus, after war, many steps were taken, such as establishing General Agreement on Tariffs and TRADE (GATT) in 1326 (1947) and then WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION (WTO) in (1375) 1996. So these two organisations are parts of globalization process and because of it"s global charactristics, all countries in the WORLD have to try to join this Trend, or think about it. This paper, shows a part of this global process, with especial emphesis on Iran.

establishment of WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION in the beginning of 90 decade and Membership of most of the states in it and enlargement of TRADE among the states, Creates new subject in regard of dispute settlement among members. Dispute Settlement body of WT refers to GATT that its foundation on «Consultation» was among states, but dispute Settlement body in had many problems and with deepening the TRADE among members amendment in the subject of dispute Settlement body was inevitable. In this regard, in legal System of WTO has attempted to anticipate more appropriate framework with new look. Recently, the legal system of dispute Settlement is one of the most prominent factors of WTO and the member’s tendency to it is one of the evidences. In this regard, this article concentrates on dispute Settlement body and its attributes.

Background: For the last decades, following an increase in environmental crises, the protection of the environment has been one of the greatest concerns for human beings. Despite the primary objective of the WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION (WTO) being the promotion of free TRADE, the severe destruction of the environment due to business activities has forced us to put forward this case in the WTO. As the most significant and influential international ORGANIZATION, the WTO plays a great role in international TRADE. Sustainable development and protection and preservation of the environment are fundamental goals of the WTO. These objectives, enshrined in the Marrakesh Agreement that established the WTO, complement the WTO’s mission to reduce TRADE barriers and eliminate discriminatory treatment in international TRADE relations. While the WTO lacks a specific agreement dealing with environmental issues, its members can adopt TRADE-related measures aimed at protecting the environment, subject to fulfilling specific conditions to avoid the misuse of such measures for protection purposes. The WTO contributes to the protection and preservation of the environment through its objective of ensuring sustainable development, its rules and mechanism for enforcement, and its work in different WTO bodies. Methods: The present study employed approach was to use related articles in Google Scholar and Magiran and records and agreements in WTO to examine environmental cases. Results: The cases analyzed in this study were the following: the gas case with the old and new formula (the US-Gas), the case of the European Union (fireproof cotton), and the case of the turtles and shrimp fishing. Conclusion: The results showed that although the WTO has achieved some environmental milestones, it has not been sufficiently effective in resolving the environmental challenges caused by energy TRADE.